maori leaders

Māori King movement origins

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  In May 2008 Māori gathered at Ngāruawāhia to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the formation of the Kīngitanga, or Māori King Movement. The current king, Te Arikinui Tūheitia Paki, was crowned in August 2006 following the death of his mother, Dame Te Ātairangikaahu.

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• Page 2 – Overview

  On 23 May 2006 the Māori Queen, Te Arikinui Dame Te Ātairangikaahu, celebrated the 40th jubilee of her coronation. She was the sixth Māori monarch and the longest-serving.

• Page 3 – The land issue

  The pressure to sell land was a key factor in the creation of the Kīngitanga. Before European settlement Māori could not sell land and few chiefs had the authority to gift land

• Page 4 – In search of a king

  The Kīngitanga has often been described as a Waikato initiative, yet its origins can be traced to Ōtaki on the Kapiti coast.

• Page 5 – Pōtatau Te Wherowhero

  In April 1857, at Rangiriri, Pōtatau agreed to become king. He was crowned and anointed at Ngāruawāhia in June 1858.

• Page 6 – A challenge to European authority?

  Pōtatau set a boundary separating his authority from that of the governor: 'Let Maungatautari [River] be our boundary. Do not encroach on this side. Likewise I am not to

Māori King movement - 1860-94

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  King Tāwhiao's reign was dominated by the Waikato War and its fallout.

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• Page 2 – Build up to war

  Like his father, King Tāwhiao opposed the war in Taranaki. The government, however, remained unconvinced. In July 1860 Governor Gore Browne sought to isolate the Kīngitanga and

• Page 3 – Response to war

  The invasion of the Waikato united the various factions within the Kīngitanga, and during the war Kīngitanga forces had some victories despite being overwhelmed in terms of

• Page 4 – Raupatu

  Under the terms of the New Zealand Settlements Act 1863 the government confiscated 1.2 million acres (486,000 hectares) of Māori land in late 1864.

• Page 5 – Maintaining Te Kīngitanga

  By the early 1870s, the Kīngitanga was struggling. Living conditions within the Rohe Potae (the Māori King's territory) were poor. Allies such as Ngāti Hauā had begun selling

• Page 6 – Tensions ease

  It was clear by the 1870s that the Kīngitanga posed no threat beyond its borders and was in no fit shape to fight a war. Attempts were made to ease relations between the king

• Page 7 – The death of Tāwhiao

  Tāwhiao died on 26 August 1894. He was buried at Taupiri after a tangihanga in September that was attended by thousands.

Treaty biographies

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  Information about some of the key people who have featured in the story of the Treaty of Waitangi

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• Page 1 - Treaty biographiesInformation about some of the key people who have featured in the story of the Treaty of

The 1920s

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  The 1920s was the decade that modern New Zealand came of age. Despite political and economic uncertainty, the country shrugged off the gloom of war to embrace the Jazz Age - an era of speed, power and glamour. Explore an overview of the decade and a year-by-year breakdown of key events.

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• Page 4 - 1921 - key eventsA selection of key New Zealand events from

Maori leadership

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  This topic can be used to explore the theme 'Imperialism, indigenous peoples and the emergence of new nations'. It examines the nature of imperialism and its impact on the society and politics of the non-European world.

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• Page 2 – Impact of historical forces activity - Maori leadership

  Examine some of the specific ways that the lives of Maori were affected by historical forces in the period from 1840 to 1870.

• Page 3 – Key personalities activity

  A number of Maori and Pakeha played a significant role in the creation of and response to the Kingitanga and Pai Marire. Their attitudes and actions are important in

• Page 4 – Practice essay activity

  Examine how a force or movement in a historical setting influenced people's lives. 

• Page 5 – Pai Mārire short answer activities

  Complete some short-answer questions about Pai Marire.

The 1960s

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  Five decades ago most Kiwis enjoyed a standard of living that was the envy of other nations. During the 1960s the arrival of TV and jet airliners shrank our world, and New Zealanders began to express themselves on a range of international issues, including opposition to the Vietnam War.

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• Page 9 - 1966 - key eventsA selection of the key events in New Zealand history from 1966

New Zealand's 19th-century wars

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  War changed the face of New Zealand in the 19th century. Tens of thousands of Māori died in the intertribal Musket Wars from the 1810s to the 1830s. There were fewer deaths during the New Zealand Wars (1840s-1870s) between Māori and the Crown, but the consequences were still dire for many tribes.

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• Page 8 - NZ Wars flagsFor many Maori in the 19th century, the Union Jack was frequently viewed as a potent symbol of Great Britain's power in New Zealand. In the New Zealand Wars, Maori parties who