Events In History
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10 November 1880Sutherland Falls 'discovered'
The renowned backwoodsman Sutherland 'discovered' the waterfall that bears his name near what is now the Milford Track – New Zealand’s best-known walking track. Read more...
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11 February 1864Charles Heaphy recommended for VC
Recommended for a Victoria Cross after he rescued a soldier under fire in 1864, Heaphy was eventually given the decoration in 1867 - the only one awarded to a member of New Zealand's colonial forces. Read more...
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19 May 1846Brunner, Kehu and Heaphy reach Māwhera pā
This journey was part of Thomas Brunner's epic 1846-48 exploration of the South Island. He was accompanied by Kehu of Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri, and Charles Heaphy, a draftsman and artist with the New Zealand Company. Read more...
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17 December 1773Ten crew of Cook's ship Adventure killed and eaten
At Wharehunga Bay, Queen Charlotte Sound, 10 men serving on the ship accompanying Cook's Resolution died at the hands of Ngāti Kuia and Rangitāne. Read more...
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4 May 1772Marion du Fresne arrives in Bay of Islands
The following month the French explorer and 24 of his crew were killed in an act of utu (revenge) by local Ngāti Pou. In the reprisals that followed, the French killed up to 250 Māori. Read more...
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24 March 1770Ngāti Kahu kidnap victim dies at sea on French ship
The Ngāti Kahu chief Ranginui died at sea after being taken from Doubtless Bay by the French explorer de Surville Read more...
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16 February 1770James Cook sights Banks 'Island'
Cook sighted Banks Peninsula from the Endeavour. The following day he decided it was an island, which he named for the expedition's botanist, Joseph Banks. Read more...
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9 February 1770Cook completes circumnavigation of North Island
The Endeavour's arrival at Cape Turnagain confirmed that the North Island was indeed an island, and not part of a fabled great southern continent. Read more...
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12 December 1769De Surville first sights NZ near Hokianga
As James Cook rounded the northern tip of the North Island from east to west, the French explorer Jean François Marie de Surville was in the same waters, sailing in the opposite direction. A storm prevented any chance of an historic meeting. Read more...
Articles
Early explorers
The romance and sheer challenge of getting to New Zealand have made the Polynesian discovery and European rediscovery of these islands popular topics of study.
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Page 2 – Polynesian explorers
The origins of Maori have been debated since Westerners first entered the Pacific Ocean. During his explorations of Polynesia, Cook and his scientists noted the similarities
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Page 3 – European explorers
Spanish and the Portuguese had an active presence in the Pacific from the early 16th century, but there is no firm evidence of Europeans reaching New Zealand before Abel Tasman
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Page 4 – Further information
Recommended links for information about early explorers to New Zealand
Exploring New Zealand's interior
After charting the coastline, European surveying and exploration of the interior were a fundamental part of the settlement process, defining the boundaries of ownership and identifying resources, useable land and access routes.
- Page 1 - Exploring New Zealand's interior After charting the coastline, European surveying and exploration of the interior were a fundamental part of the settlement process, defining the boundaries of ownership and
Antarctica and New Zealand
NZ and Antarctica share a long and rich history. From Tuati in 1839 to Edmund Hillary in the 1950s and more recent scientists, Kiwis have explored, examined and endured the frozen continent.
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Page 2 – First among men
New Zealanders were actively or passively involved in a number of significant Antarctic firsts - notably the first landing on the continent proper in 1895 and the first
Biographies
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Tasman, Abel Janszoon
The dutch explorer Abel Tasman is officially recognised as the first European to ‘discover’ New Zealand in 1642. His men were the first Europeans to have a confirmed encounter with Māori.
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Heaphy, Charles
The multi-faceted Charles Heaphy made quite an impact on colonial New Zealand as an artist, explorer, soldier and colonial administrator. He was the first colonial soldier to win the Victoria Cross.
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Cook, James
Captain James Cook, the first European to define the outline of New Zealand, has left a permanent imprint on the consciousness of New Zealanders.
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Marion du Fresne, Marc Joseph
The early French explorer's visit to New Zealand ended in his death, and the bloodshed of hundreds more in retribution.
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Brunner, Thomas
Thomas Brunner’s exploits in the north and west of the South Island between 1846 and 1848 were the greatest single piece of overland exploration in New Zealand's European history.
Read more...
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Main image: James Cook
Photolithographic portrait of James Cook, 1784.