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Karori Normal School choir, 1989
The Karori Normal School choir in Wellington's Michael Fowler Centre.
Education service First World War fatalities
Roll of honour for education service employees killed in the First World War
Film: History of the School Journal
Archives New Zealand film about the history of the New Zealand School Journal
Saluting the flag
Students assemble outside their school to salute the New Zealand flag, 1902
School patriotic display
Stratford School pupils present a patriotic tableau during the First World War
NZ school statistics, 1914-1920
Schoolchildren at Waihī, 1916.
Making handkerchiefs for the troops
Children at Te Aroha Public School make handkerchiefs for New Zealand soldiers during the First World War
Ōpōtiki Primary School, 1900s
Ōpōtiki Primary School, early 1900s
Further information - schools in the First World War
Links and books relating to schooling during the First World War
Teachers who served - schools in the First World War
Whether as school cadet officers or supporters of saluting the flag, teachers did much to set the moral tone of New Zealand schools before and during the war. Many hundreds were also aware of the need for men to enlist
Supporting the war effort - schools in the First World War
During the war children were encouraged to be ‘cheerful’ and ‘helpful’, to ease the worry and sorrow of the mothers and wives of soldiers. There were also many practical ways in which children could help the war effort.
Turning boys into soldiers - schools in the First World War
The Defence Amendment Act 1900 introduced military cadet training into schools. The Defence Act 1909 made military training for nearly all boys compulsory from the age of 12.
The School Journal - schools in the First World War
During the First World War the New Zealand School Journal played an important role in encouraging patriotism, self-sacrifice, obedience and support for the war effort among schoolchildren.
Displaying patriotism - schools in the First World War
In late 1917 district education boards ordered that children salute the New Zealand flag at the start of each school day. Some teachers opposed this as too militaristic.
Schools in 1914
The head of the Department of Education believed that ‘moral purpose should dominate the spirit of the whole school life.’ Schools and teachers were to shape children into productive, moral and healthy citizens prepared to serve their country in both peace and war.
Children, schools and the First World War
Schools and children were quickly called into action at the outset of the First World War in 1914. Developing patriotic, fit and healthy citizens was seen as important to the survival of the country and the Empire. Hundreds of teachers joined the NZEF, including many from sole-teacher schools. Almost 200 never returned.
George Hogben
In his time as head of the Department of Education from 1899 until 1915 George Hogben helped bring New Zealand's education system into line with the most advanced educational theory and practice of the time.
Writing exercise for lighthouse children
Writing exercise by lighthouse children.
Men of vice or virtue? - missionaries
Thomas Kendall established the first mission school, but he was later suspended after admitting an adulterous affair with a Maori woman.
Turning boys into soldiers
Voluntary cadet groups existed in many schools prior to 1909 when the Defence Act introduced compulsory military training.

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