NZHistory, New Zealand history online - ngati kahungunu

Henare Tomoana

Seated portrait of Henare Tomoana. Taken 29 April 1873 by Samuel Carnell.

Read more about Henare Tomoana

Alexander Turnbull Library,
Reference: 1/4-022168-G
Further information and copies of this image may be obtained from the Library through its 'Timeframes' website, http://timeframes.natlib.govt.nz
Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

tags:

ngati kahungunu

henare tomoana

Te Hapuku

Carte de visite portrait of Te Hapuku, taken in the 1870s by Samuel Carnell of Napier.

Read more about Te Hapuku

Alexander Turnbull Library,
Reference: 1/4-022221-G
Further information and copies of this image may be obtained from the Library through its 'Timeframes' website, http://timeframes.natlib.govt.nz
Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

tags:

ngati kahungunu

te hapuku

Karaitiana Takamoana

Carte de visite portrait of Karaitiana Takamoana, taken between 1870 and 1879 by Samuel Carnell of Napier.

Read more about Karaitiana Takamoana

Alexander Turnbull Library,
Reference: 1/2-181854-F
Further information and copies of this image may be obtained from the Library through its 'Timeframes' website, http://timeframes.natlib.govt.nz
Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

tags:

ngati kahungunu

karaitiana takamoana

Repudiation party including Henare Matua, 1876

Repudiation party, including Henry Robert Russell (on seat, centre) and Henare Matua, probably in Napier, February 1876.

Matua was a key figure in the Repudiation movement, based in Hawke's Bay. The movement grew out of a widespread Maori dissatisfaction with land transactions.

Read more about Henare Matua

Alexander Turnbull Library,
Reference: 1/2-038687-F
Further information and copies of this image may be obtained from the Library through its 'Timeframes' website, http://timeframes.natlib.govt.nz
Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

tags:

Wedding of Niniwa Heremaia and Tamaihotua

Group at wedding of Niniwa Heremaia and Tamaihotua Aporo in the Wairarapa, circa 1900. Standing (left to right): Hare Hongi (Henry Matthew Stowell), Mrs Tomiri te Awa, Alf Needham. Seated (left to right): Tamaihotua Aporo, Niniwa Heremaia.

Read more about Niniwa Heremaia
See also: biography of Henry Matthew Stowell on the DNZB website

Alexander Turnbull Library,
Reference: PAColl-3861-43-18
Further information and copies of this image may be obtained from the Library through its 'Timeframes' website, http://timeframes.natlib.govt.nz
Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

tags:

Turi Carroll

Turi Carroll pictured at the Maori Women's Welfare League conference in Wellington, 1953. Like his uncle, James Carroll, Turi Carroll wanted to use his knowledge gained in the Pakeha world for the benefit of Maori, and gave his support to many national Maori organisations.

Read more about Turi Carroll

Alexander Turnbull Library,
Reference: 1/2-040109
Further information and copies of this image may be obtained from the Library through its 'Timeframes' website, http://timeframes.natlib.govt.nz
Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

tags:

ngati kahungunu

turi carroll

Turi Carroll

Alfred (Turi) Carroll (1890–1975) was born at Wairoa, in northern Hawke's Bay. He was of Irish and Ngati Kahungunu descent. His uncle was Sir James Carroll, the long-serving Member of Parliament for Eastern Maori. At an early age he became known as Turi, after his ancestor Turipareta. He was educated at Te Aute College. During World War I he was active in recruiting for the Maori Contingent. Even though he had lost the sight in his left eye he went overseas with the New Zealand Expeditionary Force in 1917. He reached the rank of sergeant and was wounded.

During the 1920s and 1930s Carroll ran the Huramua station, and was very involved in local Wairoa farming organisations. He also devoted much attention to Maori welfare and economic development in the Wairoa region. In 1945 Carroll became a member of the Kahungunu Tribal Executive, and immediately after World War II his main focus was on rehabilitating Maori servicemen. In 1954 he helped set up the East Coast Maori Trust Council, which returned land formerly held in trust to its Maori owners.

Carroll was awarded an OBE (Order of the British Empire) in 1952, and received a knighthood in 1962. From around this time he put much of his energy into national Maori organisations. He was a member of the Maori Education Foundation, and President of the New Zealand Maori Council between 1963 and 1967. Increasingly, his rural and conservative values conflicted with the emerging younger generation of more radical urban Maori leaders. Sir Turi Carroll died at Huramua station in 1975.

See also biography of Turi Carroll from the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

Henare Tomoana

Hēnare Tomoana, of Ngāti Kahungunu and Ngāti Te Whatu-i-āpiti, was born in the 1820s or early 1830s in Hawke's Bay. Little is known of his early life, except that he grew up during the conflict of the "musket wars".

In 1851 he joined in selling large blocks of land to Donald McLean, the government land purchase commissioner. He remained an enthusiastic land-seller well into the 1860s, partly because he was often in debt.

Tomoana supported the government during the wars of the 1860s, and joined the campaign against Te Kooti in 1868. He and his men served with distinction. Tomoana achieved the rank of captain of militia, and received a Sword of Honour from Queen Victoria. But he was not paid for his military service, and had to provide equipment for his own men. His debts grew, and he had to sell more land.

Because Tomoana was unhappy about earlier land sales, he supported the Repudiation movement in the 1870s. This sought to cancel a large number of Hawke’s Bay land transactions which it claimed were dishonest. A commission of inquiry was appointed in 1873, but did not take any action. Instead it reported that it was acceptable to apply extreme pressure to Māori landowners who were heavily in debt.

Disappointed, Tomoana then became fully committed to the Repudiation movement. Perhaps his greatest contribution was to support the newspaper Te Wananga, a bi-lingual mouthpiece of the movement.

In 1879 Tomoana was elected to the House of Representatives as the member for Eastern Māori. He worked with Hōne Mohi Tāwhai (the member for Northern Maori) on the Native Committees Bill in 1881 and 1882. This aimed to cut back the power of the Native Land Court, and give Māori a chance to decide on land titles themselves. But the government watered down the Bill, and it proved ineffective when it was passed in 1883.

Tomoana was defeated and replaced in Parliament by Wī Pere in 1884. He then returned to Hawke's Bay, where he remained a stern critic of government Māori policy. In 1891 he told the Native Land Laws Commission (the Rees–Carroll Commission) that the settler-dominated Parliament had done great injustice to Māori, who should be able to make their own laws and administer their own lands. He later joined the Kotahitanga movement, whose aims were implementation of the Treaty of Waitangi, abolition of the land laws, and a degree of local autonomy through a Māori Parliament. Henare Tomoana died in 1904.

Hēnare Tomoana

I whānau mai a Hēnare Tomoana i te tekau tau atu i 1820, i te tōmuatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1830 rānei, ki Te Matau a Māui. Ko Ngāti Kahungunu rāua ko Ngāti Te Whatu-i-āpiti ōna iwi. Kāore i te mōhiotia ngā nekeneke o Tomoana i tana tamarikitanga, i tua atu i te mea i pakeke ia i te wā o ngā “pakanga mau pū” i waenganui i ngā iwi.

I te tau 1851 ko ia tērā kei te hoko poraka whenua nui ki a Te Mākarini (Donald McLean), te kōmihana hoko whenua a te kāwanatanga. Ka hīkaka a Tomoana ki te hoko whenua, tae rawa ki te pokapū o te tekau tau atu i 1860, nā te nui pea o ana nama.

Ka tautoko a Tomoana i te kāwanatanga i ngā riri o te tekau tau atu i 1860, ā, i te tau 1868 ko ia tērā kei roto i ngā pakanga ki a Te Kooti. Ka puta ngā kōrero mō tō rātou māia ko ana toa. Ka kake a Tomoana ki te tūranga o meiha i te rōpū hōia ā-iwi, ka whakawhiwhia a ia ki te hoari whakahōnore mai i a Kuini Wikitōria. Ko te mate kē, kāore ia i utua mō ana mahi hōia, i tua atu, nāna tonu i hoko ngā taputapu mō ana toa. Ka piki haere ana nama, ka mate ia ki te hoko whenua anō.

Nā tana kawa ki ngā hokonga whenua tōmua, ka huri a Tomoana ki te tautoko i te rōpū Whakahētanga Hoko Whenua i te tekau tau atu in1870. Ka whai tēnei rōpū kia whakakāhoretia ngā hokonga whenua maha i Te Matau a Māui, i whakapae ai rātou he hokonga whānako. Ka whakatūria tētahi kōmihana hei rangahau i te take i te tau 1873, engari kāore he putanga. Ko te tohu kē a te kōmihana, e pai ana te āta tāmi i ngā Māori he nui ā rātou nama, e taea noatia ai te tango i ō rātou whenua.

Ka paheke te wairua o Tomoana, ko tana ruku hōhonu tērā ki ngā kaupapa a te Whakahētanga Hoko Whenua. Ko tana mahinga nui rawa pea mō te rōpū, ko tana hāpai i te nūpepa Te Wānanga, he nūpepa reo rua.

I te tau 1879 ka pōtitia a Tomoana hei Mema Pāremata Māori mō Te Tai Rāwhiti. I ngā tau 1881, 1882, mahi tahi ai rāua ko Hōne Mohi Tāwhai (Mema Māori mō Te Tai Tokerau) ki te hāpai i te Pire Whakamana i ngā Komiti Māori, e aru nei kia kotia te mana o te Kōti Whenua Māori, kia whakahokia ki te Māori te mana whiriwhiri taitara mō ō rātou whenua. Heoti, ka whakawaimehatia e te kāwanatanga te Pire, ā, i tōna whakamanatanga i te tau 1883 kāhore ōna kiko.

Nō te pōti o 1884 ka hinga a Tomoana ki a Wī Pere. Ko tana hokinga tērā ki Te Matau a Māui. Ka rite tana whakahē i ngā kaupapa here a te kāwanatanga e pā ana ki te Māori. I te tau 1891 ka takoto tana kōrero ki mua i te aroaro o te Kōmihana Ture Whenua Māori (te Kōmihana a Rees-Carroll), mō ngā hē i puta ki te Māori i ngā mahi a te kāwanatanga kī ana i te Pākehā. Ko tāna, me tuku mā te Māori anō e hanga ture māna, mā te Māori anō hoki ōna ake whenua e whakahaere. Nō muri ka kuhu ia ki te Kotahitanga e aru ana kia whakamanatia te Tiriti o Waitangi, kia whakakāhoretia ngā ture whenua Māori, kia riro mā te Māori anō āna whakahaere i raro i tētahi Pāremata Māori. Ka mate a Hēnare Tomoana i te tau 1904.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

Te Hapuku

Te Hāpuku (?–1878), of the Ngāti Kahungunu tribe Ngāti Te Whatu-i-apiti, was an influential chief of Hawke's Bay. As a youth he was caught up in the wars which swept over the region, and was a prisoner of the Waikato tribe for a time.

He was a signatory to the 1835 Declaration of Independence, and as a result Major Bunbury, who took the Treaty of Waitangi to Hawke’s Bay in 1840, took care to obtain his signature. At first Te Hāpuku rejected the Treaty on the basis that Ngā Puhi had become "slaves" by supporting it, but he was later persuaded to sign.

In the early 1850s Te Hāpuku became a firm ally of Donald McLean, the influential government land purchase commissioner. Te Hāpuku helped him purchase large tracts of land in the Wairarapa and Hawke's Bay. He was eager to sell land because he hoped European settlement would bring commercial and other advantages. McLean began to treat Te Hāpuku as the leading chief of the district, and Te Hāpuku took on the role of a government land purchase agent. This led to growing hostility from other Hawke's Bay rangatira (chiefs) who were less keen to sell land, and who had (or claimed) at least as much status as Te Hāpuku.

Te Hāpuku was determined to sell land without the knowledge or consent of those who occupied or claimed rights over it. In response, armed clashes broke out in 1857-58. Peace was restored when McLean arranged an agreement in September 1858.

Te Hāpuku opposed the King Movement and fought against the Hauhau and Te Kooti. But he later supported the Hawke's Bay-based Repudiation movement, which aimed to reverse purchases that were said to be fraudulent. He died in 1878.

See also: biography of Te Hapuku on DNZB website

Te Hāpuku

Nō te iwi o Ngāti Te Whatu-i-apiti o Ngāti Kahungunu a Te Hāpuku (?-1878). He rangatira nui ia ki Te Matau a Māui. I tōna ohinga i te wā o ngā pakanga ā-iwi, ka hopukina, ka mauria ia hei mauhere e ngā iwi o Waikato mō tētahi wā.

I te tau 1835 ka haina ia i te Whakaputanga o te Rangatiratanga o Niu Tīreni. Koinā te take, i te heringa a Meiha Bunbury i te Tiriti o Waitangi ki Te Matau a Māui i te tau 1840, ka tika tōna ara ki a Te Hāpuku ki te haina. I te tīmatanga, kāore ia i tautoko te Tiriti, i te mea hei tāna, nā tō rātou tautoko, kua noho a Ngā Puhi hei “taurekareka”; heoi, nō muri ka haina ia.

I te tōmuatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1850, ka pūmau a Te Hāpuku ki a Te Mākarini (Donald McLean), te kōmihana hoko whenua a te kāwanatanga. Nā Te Hāpuku ia i āwhina ki te hoko i ētahi whenua nui ki Te Wairarapa, ki Te Matau a Māui. I hīkaka ia ki te hoko whenua, nā runga i te tūmanako ki te tau te noho a te Pākehā, ka whai hua te iwi, ka tipu ngā tauhokohoko. Ka titiro a Te Mākarini ki a Te Hāpuku ānō nei ko ia te rangatira nui o te rohe. Ka noho a Te Hāpuku hei āpiha hoko whenua mā te kāwanatanga. Nā tēnei, ka tipu te raruraru ki ētahi atu rangatira o Te Matau a Māui e whakakeke ana kia hoko whenua, me tā rātou kī, he rite, he nui ake rānei ō rātou mana i te mana o Te Hāpuku.

Ka whakatenetene tonu a Te Hāpuku ki te hoko whenua. Hei ētahi wā, kāore ngā tāngata kei te noho i runga i te whenua i te mōhio kei te hokona aua whenua e Te Hāpuku, ahakoa ō rātou pānga ki te whenua. Whai anō ka pakaru te riri i te 1857-58. Nā Te Mākarini te rongo i hohou i te marama o Hepetema o te tau 1858.

I ātete a Te Hāpuku ki te Kīngitanga, i whawhai ia ki ngā Hauhau, i whawhai ia ki a Te Kooti. Nō muri ka huri ia ki te tautoko i te kaupapa Whakahētanga Hoko Whenua, i ngana ki te unu i ngā hokonga whenua i whakaarohia he whānako. Ka mate ia i te tau 1878.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon

Karaitiana Takamoana

Karaitiana Takamoana (?–1879), of the Ngāti Hawea hapu (sub-tribe) of Ngāti Kahungunu, is said to have been born in Wairarapa. As a young warrior he was involved in the "musket wars" of the 1820s. He later learned to read and write at William Colenso's mission school, and became an influential chief.

In 1851 he was involved in selling the Waipukurau and Ahuriri blocks (totaling about 600,000 acres (242,000 hectares), including the site of Napier) to government land purchase agent Donald McLean. Takamoana and his fellow chiefs anticipated the establishment of towns and trading opportunities. He remained an enthusiastic land-seller during the 1850s and much of the 1860s. When war came to the East Coast he supported the government, and fought against the Hauhau and Te Kooti.

By the late 1860s Takamoana became less willing to sell land. He began to question the methods of both government and private land purchasers, particularly the pressure they placed on those, like him, who were heavily in debt to local storekeepers.

In 1871 he entered Parliament as member for Eastern Māori, an office he held until his death. At the same time the Repudiation movement was growing in Hawke’s Bay, aiming to overturn alleged fraudulent land transactions. Takamoana at first did not support this movement, believing that redress could be achieved through Parliament.

In 1872 Takamoana was involved in setting up a commission to inquire into Hawke’s Bay land loss. When it became clear that the land would not be returned, he became a committed "repudiationist" and contributed significant time and financial resources to the cause. He died in 1879.

See also: biography of Karaitiana Takamoana on the DNZB website

Karaitiana Takamoana

E ai ki te kōrero, i whānau mai a Karaitiana Takamoana (?-1879) ki Te Wairarapa. Ko Ngāti Hawea te hapū, ko Ngāti Kahungunu te iwi. He toa ia i ngā Pakanga Mau Pū o te tekau tau atu i 1820. I ākona ia ki te pānui me te tuhi i te kura mīhana o William Colenso (Te Koroneho). Whāia, ka tū a Takamoana he rangatira whai mana.

I te tau 1851 ka whai wāhi ia ki te hokonga o ngā poraka whenua o Waipukurau me Ahuriri (hui katoa e 600,000 eka (e 242,000 heketea), tae rawa ki te wāhi e tū nei te tāone o Nēpia) ki a Te Mākarini (Donald McLean) te āpiha hoko whenua a te kāwanatanga. Ko te wawata o Takamoana rātou ko ngā rangatira o Ngāti Kahungunu i te hokonga, ka whakatūria he tāone, ka tuwhera ngā kaupapa tauhokohoko. I ngā tekau tau o 1850, o 1860, kei te kaha tonu tana hokohoko whenua. I te muranga o ngā ahi o te riri ki Te Tai Rāwhiti, ka tū a Takamoana ki te taha o te kāwanatanga, ka kuhu ki ngā pakanga ki ngā Hauhau, ki a Te Kooti hoki.

Taka rawa ki te paunga o te tekau tau atu i 1860, kua kawa a Takamoana ki te hoko whenua. Ka āwangawanga ia mō ngā tikanga hoko whenua a te kāwanatanga me ētahi atu. Hei tauira, ka pōuri ia mō ngā taumahatanga ka utaina ki runga i ngā Māori pērā i a ia, kei te nui ā rātou nama ki ngā tāngata whakahaere toa o te rohe.

I te tau 1871 ka kuhu ia ki te Pāremata hei Mema mō te tūru Māori o Te Tai Rāwhiti. Nō tana matenga rā anō i whakawāteatia ai tēnei tūranga. I taua wā anō kei te tipu te rōpū Whakahētanga Hoko Whenua ki Te Matau a Māui. Ko tā rātou whāinga kia whakakāhoretia ngā hokonga whenua i whakapaetia he whānako. I te tīmatanga kāore a Takamoana i tautoko i te rōpū, i tana whakapono ko te Pāremata kē te taumata hei whakatika i ēnei raruraru.

I te tau 1972 ka whai wāhi a Takamoana ki te whakatūranga o tētahi kōmihana arotake i ngā whenua i hokona i Te Matau a Māui. I tana mōhio kāore e whakahokia mai ngā whenua, ka huri a ia ki te tautoko i te rōpū Whakahētanga Hoko Whenua. Ka whakapau kaha, whakapau moni ia mō te kaupapa. Ka mate ia i te tau 1879.

del.icio.us Twitter Facebook Google StumbleUpon