NZHistory, New Zealand history online - te atairangikaahu

Waikato-Tainui sign Deed of Settlement with the Crown

The Deed of Settlement included cash and land valued at a total of $170 million.

Waikato–Tainui was the first iwi to reach an historical Treaty of Waitangi settlement with the Crown for injustices that went back to the wars and land confiscations (raupatu) of the 1860s. The agreement was a major landmark in New Zealand’s developing Treaty settlements process. As historian Richard Hill, who was involved in the negotiations as a member of the Treaty of Waitangi Policy Unit, later explained in his Maori and the state (2009):

The settlement was for some $150 million more than the government had been prepared to offer less than five years before. A mere six years before the signing, in fact, there were no state plans to supersede the 1946 agreement. Matters had, certainly in international terms, moved fast.

The agreement also included a formal apology from the Crown. Queen Elizabeth signed the Act that made the agreement law during her state visit later in 1995. Tainui established a commercial framework to manage its tribal assets and by 2008 Tainui Group Holdings and Waikato–Tainui Fisheries had assets of $496 million.

Image: Queen Elizabeth and Queen Te Ātairangikaahu in 1995

Queen Elizabeth meeting Queen Te Ātairangikaahu in 1995

The Queen meets the Māori Queen, Dame Te Arikinui Te Ātairangikaahu, in 1995, accompanied by Prime Minister Jim Bolger (left) and Minister in Charge of Treaty Negotiations Douglas Graham. During this visit Queen Elizabeth personally delivered an apology from the British Crown to the Tainui people.

Credit:

Alexander Turnbull Library
Reference: EP/1995/4375B/33A-F

Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

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te atairangikaahu

1966 - key events

NZ’s longest running TV show debuts

The first episode of Country Calendar screened on the evening of Sunday 6 March. The 15-minute show was intended as a roundup of news for country folk. New Zealanders' identification with their rural heartland and traditions ensured that even 'townies' embraced Country Calendar, which has consistently been one of the most popular locally made television shows. It is believed to be the second-longest-running series in the world – after the English soap-opera Coronation Street.

Kaitawa tragedy

On the evening of 23 May all 29 crew on board the MV Kaitawa died when the ship was lost in heavy seas as it approached Cape Reinga. This was one of New Zealand’s worst shipwrecks of the 20th century. On a routine run with a cargo of coal from Westport to the Portland cement works, near Whangarei, the Kaitawa sent a Mayday call around 9 p.m. All contact was then lost and wreckage began floating ashore the next day. Investigators concluded that the Kaitawa was most likely swamped by one or more great waves. As the ship took on water it began to list and drifted on to the Pandora Bank. Here it was smashed by the heavy seas and capsized before drifting to a point closer to Cape Maria van Diemen, where it sank to the ocean floor. Only the body of motorman John Wright was ever recovered.

Coronation of new Maori Queen

In May the Maori King, Koriki, died at his home in Ngaruawahia. Shortly before his burial on 23 May his daughter Piki was crowned as Te Atairangikaahu, becoming the first Maori Queen. The sixth Maori monarch since the creation of the Kingitanga in 1858, Te Atairangikaahu is to date the longest-serving Maori monarch. She died in August 2006, shortly after celebrating her 40th jubilee as Queen.

The White House comes to New Zealand

In a bid to shore up support for the war in Vietnam, New Zealand received two high-profile visitors from the White House in 1966. A visit in February from Vice-President Hubert Humphrey was followed in October by the two-day visit of President Lyndon B. Johnson. ‘LBJ’ was the first President to visit this country. It was not, however, his first visit New Zealand – he had been stationed here (and in Australia) during the Second World War.

Other events of 1966

The local television music show C’mon made its debut. Hosted by Peter Sinclair, it showcased a number of local artists and dancers who became household names including the Chicks, Mr Lee Grant and Dinah Lee.
Don’t Let It Get You was only the third New Zealand feature film since the end of the Second World War. Made by John O’Shea for Pacific Films, it starred Howard Morrison, a heavily brylcreemed Lew Pryme and a young Kiri Te Kanawa.
Maria Dallas won the Loxene Golden Disc Award for Tumbling down. These awards were the forerunner of today’s Tui Awards or New Zealand Music Awards.
The Socialist Unity Party was established by the pro-Russian faction of the New Zealand Communist Party. With strong trade union ties, the SUP established itself as the most powerful extreme left-wing group in the country.
The All Blacks completed a 4-0 clean sweep against the touring British and Irish Lions. The Lions played 25 matches in New Zealand, also losing to Southland, Otago, Wellington and Wanganui-King Country. Bay of Plenty and Hawke’s Bay drew with the visitors.
The new inter-island ferry Wahine arrived at Wellington on 24 July 1966, making its first voyage to Lyttelton on 1 August. Its sinking at the entrance to Wellington Harbour in 1968 is one of the enduring images of New Zealand in the sixties.
The 20-year-old two-party monopoly of Parliament was ended when Social Credit leader Vernon Cracknell won the Hobson electorate in the 1966 general election. National won the election with a nine-seat majority from Labour.
The state monopoly on commercial radio broadcasting was challenged by pirate station Radio Hauraki’s first transmission from the vessel Tiri in the Colville Channel.
The poet James K. Baxter was awarded New Zealand's premier literary residency, the Robert Burns Fellowship.
Gisborne was hit by a magnitude 6.2 earthquake on 5 March with considerable damage to property.
The first Trekka, the only vehicle to be designed and mass produced in New Zealand, rolled off the assembly line for the first time. Some 2500 of these jeep-style farm vehicles were built between 1966 and 1973.

Can you remember 1966? Add your memories and comments in the form below.

Order of New Zealand members, 1990

This group photograph of members of the Order of New Zealand with Queen Elizabeth II was taken on 14 February 1990. The Order of New Zealand had been established in 1987.

Back row from left: Marie Shroff (Cabinet Secretary), Janet Frame (author), Henry Lang (former Secretary to the Treasury), Emeritus Professor Richard Matthews (cellular and molecular biologist), Fred Turnovsky (Manufacturers Federation), Rev Manu Bennett (Bishop of Aotearoa), Allen Curnow (poet), Arthur Lydiard (athletics coach).

Front row from left: Jim Knox (Federation of Labour), Sir Edmund Hillary, Dr Clarence Beeby (educationalist), Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu (the Maori Queen), Sonja Davies (Member of Parliament for Pencarrow), Lady Blundell.

Credit:

Alexander Turnbull Library
Photographer: Jon Hargest
Reference: The Dominion Post Collection, EP-Honours and awards-01
Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

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Coronation of first Māori Queen

Princess Piki, the daughter of King Koroki, was chosen to become the first Māori Queen during her father’s funeral, in accordance with Kīngitanga protocol. She assumed her mother’s name, Te Ātairangikaahu.

She was the sixth Māori monarch and is to date the longest-serving. She died in August 2006, shortly after celebrating her 40th jubilee as Queen.

The first Maori King, Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, was appointed in 1858, when tribes from all over the country discussed the notion of appointing a monarch. Rapid European population growth was putting pressure on Māori to sell land, and there was a sense that Māori were losing control of their own affairs. In the Waikato War of the 1860s the government attempted to destroy the King movement, which it saw as a threat to the authority of the British Crown.

The Kīngitanga survived the wars of the 19th century and remains an important and enduring expression of Māori unity. Its place in New Zealand society was demonstrated by the widespread outpouring of grief when Te Arikinui Dame Te Ātairangikaahu passed away.

Image: Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu

Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu

Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu reigned for over 40 years as the leader of the Maori King Movement, Te Kingitanga. She succeeded her father, Koroki, on 23 May 1966.

On 15 August 2006 came the sad news that she had passed away. Six days later her eldest son, Te Arikinui Tuheitia Paki, was confirmed as her successor.

E te Arikinui, Te Atairangikaahu
Queen, Te Atairangkaahu

Te mokopuna o te motu, te whaea o te whenua
The grandchild of the region, the mother of the land

Moe mai i te poho o te tupuna whare, Mahinaarangi,
Rest in peace in the bosom of the ancestral home, Mahinaarangi

I te whakaharahara o tou marae rongonui, Turangawaewae.
In the magnificence of your well-known marae, Turangawaewae

Moe mai i raro i te mauri o te maungatapu o Taupiri
Rest in peace in the spirit of your sacred mountain, Taupiri

E hoe tou waka tapu i runga i tou awa, Waikato
Guide your sacred waka gracefully over the waters of Waikato

E ki a nei te korero
As the saying goes

Waikato taniwharau, he piko he taniwha, he piko he taniwha
Waikato of a hundred bends and on every bend a chief

Haere atu ra e te ariki i nga kapua e rere ki tua
Farewell te Arikinui, on the clouds that speed you beyond

Mai nga tohu-a-Maori hei piata mai
Bypassing the many symbols of Maoridom that shine upon your journey

Te whakamohio te huarahi tika, huarahi pai
To ensure your journey is straight and true

Hei kawe nei tou tira ki tera wahi o tatou
Carrying you to that everlasting place

Ki hawaiki nui, hawaiki roa, hawaiki pamamao
To the big hawaiki, the long hawaiki, the hawaiki far away

Te hono I wairua
Where the spirits meet

Rire rire ... paimarire.
Farewell.

Credit:

Turongo House, Ngaruawahia

This item has been provided for private study purposes (such as school projects, and family and local history research), and any published reproduction (print or electronic) may infringe copyright law. It is the responsibility of the user of any material to obtain clearance from the copyright holder.

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Māori and English Queens, 1974

Te Arikinui Dame Te Ātairangikaahu and her husband, Whatumoana Paki, welcome Queen Elizabeth to Tūrangawaewae marae, Ngāruawāhia, in 1974.

Credit:

Alexander Turnbull Library
Reference: EP/1974/0627/26

Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, must be obtained before any reuse of this image.

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Introduction - Maori King movement

The Maori King, Te Arikinui Tuheitia Paki, can trace his position as king back to the 1850s when tribes from all over the country discussed the notion of appointing a king. Rapid European population growth was putting pressure on Maori to sell land, and there was a sense that Maori were losing control of their own affairs.

Maori monarchs

Potatau Te Wherowhero 1858–60

Matutaera Tawhiao 1860–94

Mahuta 1894–1912

Te Rata 1912–33

Koroki 1933–66

Te Atairangikaahu 1966–2006

Tuheitia Paki 2006–

The first king, Potatau Te Wherowhero was selected because he had the mana necessary to hold such a position. His coronation in 1858 established a dynasty. His son Tawhiao became king in 1860, and led the movement during the difficult times of the Waikato War of 1863–4 and land confiscations that followed. These were crucial times for the fledgling movement. Tawhiao, who was also a prophet, led his people into exile south of Te Awamutu, an area now known as the King Country. He managed to keep the Kingitanga together when it was viewed as a direct threat to the authority of the British Crown and to European settlement in general.

In 1894 Tawhiao was succeeded by his son Mahuta. His reign represented a shift in the formal relationship between the Kingitanga and government. Mahuta became a member of the Legislative Council and the Executive Council of Parliament, thus involving the Kingitanga in mainstream politics.

From 1912 Mahuta's son, Te Rata, continued the work of his father by negotiating with the New Zealand government and the British Crown and by seeking redress for grievances. His son Koroki was assisted during his reign (1933–66) by his aunt, Te Puea Herangi. When Koroki died, his daughter Te Atairangikaahu became the Kingitanga's first woman leader.