In May 2008 Maori gathered at Ngaruawahia to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the formation of the Kingitanga, or Maori King movement. The current king, Te Arikinui Tuheitia Paki, was crowned in August 2006,
following the death of his mother, Dame Te
Atairangikaahu.
The pressure to sell land was a key factor in the creation of the Kingitanga. Before European settlement Maori could not sell land and few chiefs had the mana or authority to gift land. But by the late 1840s secret deals with government officials were occurring.
Potatau set a boundary separating his authority from that of the governor: 'Let Maungatautari be our boundary. Do not encroach on this side. Likewise I am not to set a foot on that side.'
For low-paid workers and beneficiaries, making ends meet has always been a constant struggle. Life can be even tougher for those without a home of their own.
The Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975 established the Waitangi Tribunal, which was to provide 'for the observance and confirmation of the principles' of the Treaty. It initially investigated claims dating from the passage of the Act, but in 1985 its jurisdiction was extended back to 1840.