Sharif Hussein ibn Ali (c 1854 - 1931). Hussein was appointed Sharif and Emir of Mecca in 1908. He shared with his fellow Arabs a strong dislike for his Ottoman overlords and opposed the Ottomanisation of the Hejaz region. With British backing, Hussein launched the Arab Revolt against Ottoman forces in Arabia on 5 June 1916. At the Versailles Peace Conference, he was acknowledged as King of Hejaz but not as King of the Arabs. Hussein ruled Hejaz until 1924 when he was defeated by Ibn Saud and abdicated in favour of his eldest son Ali.
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